19 August 2009 | BrianRS
Around the end of the growing season for your region with the colder nights coming in and perhaps a possibility of frost on the horizon, you need to start thinking about how to ripen tomatoes that are still green before you loose them completely.
One of the ways of ensuring that your tomatoes ripen is to continuously harvest your tomatoes as they become ready for picking, this releases energy to the tomatoes that are not quite ready and will encourage them to ripen.
Another general suggestion is that if you note that your night time temperatures are dropping below 70F then there is little to no chance of any new blossoms becoming fruit, so pinch these out and direct the energy they would otherwise have taken to your fruit that still needs to ripen.
Another handy way of turning tomatoes that are in a greenhouse is to hang a bunch of bananas in the greenhouse with the tomatoes, the ripening bananas will give out ethylene gas, which is the gas that causes fruit to ripen and bananas give it out in abundance, even after they have been picked. Why this works in a greenhouse is because its an enclosed environment which allows the gas to be effective.
Removing large fruit that is still green will give the smaller fruit more of a chance of getting the energy needed to ripen and if you select them correctly you may be able to place the removed tomatoes somewhere dark and dry to ripen them off, just check them every few days to make sure there is nothing going wrong or to see if they are ready to use.
If all else fails you can ripen tomatoes indoors but you have to get them off the vine before a heavy frost gets them, they can be protected up to a point by covering for light frosts but this is a little risky.
One method of ripening indoors is to take each tomato and wrap it in newspaper, place the wrapped tomatoes in a cardboard box up to 2 layers deep, any more and the tomatoes on the bottom layer will tend to get bruised and damaged as they ripen so stick to the 2 layer rule to be safe.
You can place a banana on the top to aid ripening if you want to, the tomatoes will produce their own ethylene gas as they ripen but a banana will add additional quantities of gas which is actually a ripening hormone. Place the box in a dark dry place, avoid high humidity as this will tend to cause rotting of the fruit and check periodically for progress. Make sure any fruit that is showing signs of a problem is removed and disposed of.
Temperature plays a part in the ripening process and the minimum temperature should be 55F for reasonable results, any lower and you will have tasteless, bland fruit. The ideal is between 65F to 70F for a speedy ripening period (2 to 3 weeks) and tasty fruit.
Things that prevent tomatoes ripening: -
- insufficient sun light
- extreme temperatures cold or hot
- if the tomato is large in size, just needs more time
- erratic watering schedule, tomatoes like consistently damp soil that is neither dried out or saturated, although you can back off on the watering a little as they start to ripen
- not picking off the ripe fruit
- allowing too many blossoms especially late in the season
- over fertilizing
6 August 2009 | BrianRS
A very common tomato pest is the aphid, on their own these little beasties look fairly innocuous and harmless, unfortunately they are not stone kickers and when they arrive, seemingly out of thin air, they arrive by the droves.There are also hundreds of different species of aphids.
There are loads of different ways to treat aphids and if applied at the right time they will work pretty effectively. A small but significant problem however is their ability to multiply, without having to mate and their persistence.
They see out the winter as eggs which hatch in the spring to turn into the winged females that go looking for nice juicy sap filled plants where they can lay their eggs. The eggs once laid only take about a week to hatch and the resulting aphids, which have a piercing bite will start to feed off the plant and produce young of their own and so the cycle begins.
Each aphid can produce up to 100 offspring so its not hard to imagine that within a very short time frame you could be faced with dealing with several thousands of these little creatures. When the food supply starts to get exhausted the young then start to appear with wings ready to fly off looking for fresh plants and food but by that time it is likely that their relentless feeding on the sap of your tomato plant will have killed off the plant and any chance of tomato fruit.
The symptoms – leaves start to curl up an turn brown, there will be secretions of honeydew which will tend to foster fungus which often looks sooty and black in colour.
Prevention – use Aphid Traps
, they should be placed in position in your garden early in the spring ready for the aphids winter eggs hatching and probably before you have actually planted tomatoes. Aphids are more resilient to the cold than tomatoes are and will happily feed off any plant that will provide sap while they are waiting for the nice tasty tomato plants to arrive.
Treatment – aphids can be killed using a similar method to the ones used for whitefly, Savona is a safe alternative to chemical insecticides and which I have provided a link to above or you can use a mix of 1 part insecticidal soap with 4 parts of water applied using a spray gun, this will generally see them off.
Like whitefly they hide on the underside of leaves so make sure you lift the leaves up and give the underside a good soaking. They also gather near the base of the plant so don’t forget to get right down to spray around the base. The soap mix unfortunately doesn’t last too long so will have to be re-applied quite regularly until you are sure they are completely eradicated.
If the Savona or the soap solution doesn’t work you could try something a little more drastic, use either a deltamethrin dust or permethrin dust.
19 July 2009 | BrianRS
This is a short video that discusses which are the best tomatoes to grow in your garden and giving the reasons why, some of the suggestions include cherry tomatoes (sweet one hundred), patio type tomatoes and heirloom tomatoes like Brandywine or Cherokee Purple.
For best flavor choose Heirloom they don’t travel well but it shouldn’t be too far from your garden to your table so that doesn’t really matter and don’t worry what they look like if you are after flavour.
18 July 2009 | BrianRS
Tomato blossom end rot is a common tomato disease where the lower half or blossom end becomes brown and dry.
There are a number of potential causes for this including the wrong soil type, too much nitrogen and extremes of either wet or dry weather.
Tomatoes don’t really like limey or sandy soil so if the ground you are using has this constituency you are either going to have to use containers or be extra vigilant when preparing the soil. A good idea for the latter is to dig a trench, line the bottom with newspaper and then fill it back in with a good well rotted compost and soil mix, potentially getting soil from another source if yours really is very sandy or full of lime.
If you think that perhaps you have overfed the plants with nitrogen then just stop feeding for a while and if you have put down a high nitrogen mulch, like coffee grounds, you can scrape it back off and try to eradicate the source.
A scenario called variable soil moisture has also been known to cause this condition, which is why it is a good idea to perform consistent and regular watering of the plants to establish a situation where the soil is neither saturated nor ever drys out.
With a little extra attention to your preparation and ongoing care it is relatively easy to avoid blossom end rot.
18 July 2009 | BrianRS
Tomato Plant Care
By Michael Russell
The tomato is one of the most popular plants kept in home gardens. They are easy to grow and provide food for your family. Tomatoes do need to be cared for to grow though.
The tomato is actually a fruit even though most people think of it as a vegetable. At one time, people thought it was poisonous to eat and they were only grown for decoration. They were referred to as “love apples” then. There are literally hundreds of varieties to choose from for your home garden and all of them have different size, color, shape, season of maturity, disease resistance and taste. Choose a variety that you will enjoy having!
Tomatoes can be either determinate or indeterminate. Determinate means that they develop a flower cluster at the terminal growing point. The plant will stop growing at this height. Indeterminate plants do not form this flower cluster and will continue to grow taller indefinitely. Indeterminate tomatoes also produce very flavorful fruit, but are usually late to mature. Most of the older varieties of tomatoes are indeterminate. Determinate vines are easier to control but they also have ripe fruit for a shorter time period than indeterminate plants.
Tomatoes do not tolerate freezing temperatures, so it is best to plant them once the weather is warm. For adequate harvest room, you will need to space your plants apart. The spacing for each variety is different, however. For dwarf plants, they will need to be twelve inches apart in the row. Staked plants will need to be 15 to 24 inches apart. Some indeterminate varieties even need four feet of space between them in the rows and five to six feet in between rows.
When you plant your tomato plants, you should fertilize them right away. You can also cultivate shallowly or hoe to keep the weeds down without doing damage to the roots. Mulching is highly recommended, especially if you want to have your plant for the full season harvest. Organic materials or black plastic is okay to use for mulching. However, don’t put down organic materials until the soil has warmed up all the way. If you put it down too early, the plant will not grow very well.
You will need to water your tomato plants regularly and thoroughly. If you are keeping your plants in containers they may need to be watered every day or even more. You will also need to feed your plants with a liquid tomato fertilizer once every two to three weeks until the end of August. The fertilizer should be high in potash. Once September arrives, just feed it with a regular fertilizer that is high in nitrogen. Weed around the plants as much as you can to prevent bugs and diseases from getting to your tomatoes. As the plant grows, you will also need to use stakes to support it. Tie the main stem to the stakes.
If you give this plant the care it needs, you will be rewarded with delicious tomatoes. Tomatoes are the best after they have just ripened so for the best taste eat them as soon as they are ripe. This is a great plant to keep at your home!
Michael Russell
Your Independent guide to Gardening
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Russell
http://EzineArticles.com/?Tomato-Plant-Care&id=209539
8 July 2009 | BrianRS
Mulching For Tomatoes Helps With Water Retention and Weed Control
By Brian R Stephens
The purpose of mulching is to prevent loss of moisture from the soil, reduce leaching of the fertiliser, suppress weed growth and keep the fruit off the ground helping to ensure that there is less risk of disease and fruit rotting.
Other advantages associated with mulching are that there is less need for cultivation of the soil as weeds fail to come through the mulch layer, same applies to having to apply chemical weed killers. Also when you water there is a reduction in the level of evaporation, the soil consequently retains moisture better and has less tendency to develop a surface crust.
So clearly there are advantages to mulching when growing tomatoes, but one slight disadvantage of using traditional mulching methods for tomatoes is that mulch tends to prevent warming of the soil, which tomatoes like, so it is a good idea to warm the soil before applying the mulch consequently ensuring that the soil conditions tomatoes really like are established.
An alternative to traditional mulching is to use a breathable black plastic membrane mulch, this lets water and air through but prevents weeds growing underneath it along with the other mulching benefits. Use this method and you will have all the normal benefits of mulching plus the added benefit of warm soil for your tomatoes. So this is, in my opinion, the best mulch for tomatoes.
If you still prefer the more traditional methods of mulching plants, then at the end of the growing season, providing there has been no obvious problems with contamination and disease the mulch can be dug into the soil to increase the level of organic matter content in the soil.
The recommended thickness of mulching is between 3″ to 4″ ensuring that the mulch works at its optimum efficiency without preventing the air reaching the roots of the plant. That is unless you are using coffee grounds which have a tendency to cake but are rich in nitrogen. For coffee grounds the recommended thickness is 1″
Mulches on tomatoes that require special care are:
- Bark
- Newspaper
- Sawdust
- Wood chips
All of the above have a high carbon to nitrogen ratio and if used need a nitrogen fertilser application to compromise for this.
Visit Growing Red Tomatoes for more tips and advice on tomato growing in a greenhouse and to get access to expert advice that could double or triple the size of your crop of tomatoes.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Brian_R_Stephens
http://EzineArticles.com/?Mulching-For-Tomatoes-Helps-With-Water-Retention-and-Weed-Control&id=2560020
8 July 2009 | BrianRS
When anyone is first starting out to grow tomatoes there are a few common mistakes that are very easy to make. Nearly everyone who has gone through this process will make some errors if they don’t do a little basic research first. To try and ensure that you are not re-inventing the wheel take note of these basic suggestions and make sure you do not get to the end of summer only to find there were some simple steps that could have helped you produce some lovely fresh tomatoes.
Selecting the right variety of plant is probably the first and most obvious thing you need to do, there are 2 basic types of tomatoes (3 if you want to be picky), which are vine or bush tomatoes.
Bush tomatoes stop growing when they reach a certain size and produce their fruit pretty much all at the same time. Vine tomato plants will just keep going and need to be controlled by pruning in order to make sure you produce good quality fruit over an extended period.
Make sure you select a sunny spot for your tomato plants, they will need a minimum of 6 hours and any less will hamper the production and ripening of the fruit.
Make sure the plants receive enough water, but don’t over water. Tomatoes like moist soil conditions and can’t be allowed to dry out. But keep them with persistently drenched feet and they will not be able to get the air from the soil to the roots and they will suffer as a result.
Keep your plants free of pests, whether you take an organic approach or use a pesticide it is essential to make sure that your plants do not get infested.
Disease also needs to be avoided and one of the most common sources for disease is the from the soil, keeping the lower part of the plant away from the soil by pruning or using a mulch barrier will greatly reduce the risk of disease.
Visit Good Tomato Growing for more tips and advice on tomato growing in a greenhouse and to get access to expert advice that could double or triple the size of your crop of tomatoes.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Brian_R_Stephens
http://EzineArticles.com/?Common-Mistakes-to-Avoid-When-Growing-Tomatoes&id=2560825
27 June 2009 | BrianRS
Topsy Turvy Upside Down Tomato Planter – How to Properly Hang Your Planters
By Christine Pinkston
If you are going to use the Topsy Turvy Upside Down Tomato Planter for your gardening needs this year then you need to read this first. Properly hanging your planter will make the difference between having a easy to care for tomato crop or a disaster on your hands.
Hanging the upside down tomato planter can be a bit tricky. You will need to make sure that you have a great support system in place because after the plant starts to grow and you have wet dirt the planter will get very heavy, around seventy pounds.
This is especially important if you have kids or animals as they both tend to get into things they are not supposed to. Making sure it is properly supported won’t be a problem as long as you do one of two things.
If you are only planning on using one planter then your best bet is to just go to your local hardware store and buy a more durable hook to hang your planter on. Make sure it can hold up to eighty pounds to give yourself a little leeway. This is a very inexpensive fix and will help your planter stay in the air where it is supposed to be.
The other alternative is for if you plan on using more then one planter.
If you plan on buying multiple Topsy Turvy Tomato Planters then you should build yourself a wooden frame to hang them up on. This will take you about two hours to build and if you are anything like me you will already have the wood laying around your house.
Just build a nice sturdy square or rectangular frame to put in your yard. Don’t worry to much about how professional it looks because when the plants start taking off it is going to look very nice. Because the plants grow upwards it will not only cover a lot of the wood but it will be stunning to look at.
If you don’t like the idea of just having a wooden frame in your yard or up against your house grab some extra paint you have laying around and give it a few coats.
The Topsy Turvy Planters last a long time so one afternoon of work will provide you years of joy so go ahead and spend a few extra minutes sprucing up your frame.
Are you ready to make your vegetable gardening easier?
If you are ready to make your gardening easier with the Topsy Turvy Planter click Topsy Turvy Planter to get the best deal online.
Topsy Turvy Planter
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Christine_Pinkston
http://EzineArticles.com/?Topsy-Turvy-Upside-Down-Tomato-Planter—How-to-Properly-Hang-Your-Planters&id=2192574
26 June 2009 | BrianRS
Tomato Cages – Buy Or Make Tomato Cages?
By J Ruppel
Many folks like to build their own tomato cages. There are a few advantages to making your own cages. If you buy materials like a roll of chicken wire or reinforcing wire, the cost for several cages is much lower than buying individual cages, unless you buy them in bulk.
The most common way to build tomato cages is to use either a chicken wire fence or concrete reinforcing wire. You can find either of these with a mesh that’s large enough to put your hand through, which will allow easy harvesting of the tomatoes when the time comes. The fencing is looped back on itself in a way that forms a large tube, which is set over the tomato plant and it grows up inside the cage. With this approach there is not as much need to tie up and prune the plant, the plants will just climb through the holes and naturally support themselves.
Another way to build cages is to use PVC pipes. These can be very durable and sturdy, as you can glue up a permanent structure. Alternatively, if you just snug the parts together it will often be sturdy enough, but will easily disassemble for storage, which is one of the biggest problems with tomato cages. And many people will make cages from wood, although those tend to not last as long.
There are other similar techniques like the Japanese tomato ring (which is actually an American invention) that combine a large home made ring with some intensive gardening techniques to boost the yields of your tomato garden. This is not something you will find you can do with a commercially produced tomato cage.
Another common way to support tomatoes is to build a trellis with a pipe that runs along the row of tomatoes and then strings are tied to it and the other end of the string is anchored in the ground near the tomato plant. Then the tomatoes are tied to the string and they can grow as high as they like and just climb the string.
But one advantage to buying tomato cages or supports is the wide difference in how the problem of supporting a tomato plant is approached. You can find some that are simple cages, with 3 or 4 rings in an expanding radius as you move to the top. There are some spirals that are simply stuck in the ground, and the tomato plant is tied to it as they grow. Simple plastic or bamboo stakes are often used.
There are square tomato cages, that are actually four sections of mesh that form a small square, but have the advantage of unhooking and folding flat for storage. The are 3 sided versions of this same basic idea as well.
Of course, if you are using a hanging tomato planter, then the whole problem of which cage to use is not an issue, as there is no need for tomato cages for plants that are hanging from a container. There are other advantages to hanging planters as well…
Learn more about the different types of tomato cages, along with some tips on making tomato cages, hanging tomato planters and all sorts of articles on gardening at howtogardenguide.com
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=J_Ruppel
http://EzineArticles.com/?Tomato-Cages—Buy-Or-Make-Tomato-Cages?&id=2204488
25 June 2009 | BrianRS
In order to grow good tomatoes that are free from disease, have a good plump juicy body and are plentiful on the vine there are 3 key aspects you need to take care of to get the best from your plants. It involves a little forethought and planning on your part but the results will make it well worth the effort. So exactly what do tomatoes need to grow?
First, as they say about real estate, its location, location, location, tomato plants are true sun worshipers and need to be in the sun for at least 6 hours a day in order to provide plenty of fruit on the vine.
Second, they need to get the correct nutrients to flourish and the place they get them from is the soil helped along by the correct watering program. If you are planting the tomatoes in the garden it is essential that the ground is properly prepared for planting with plenty of compost and or fertiliser dug into the soil to aid growth. Once planted they should be revisited fairly frequently with some sort of feed and I would recommend this is done at least twice a week. You can either purchase specialist tomato feed or you can use your left over ground coffee and place this around the base of the plants. Do this and before you know it you will have lots of lovely fresh tasting tomatoes.
Do not underestimate just how thirsty your tomato plants are, when I mentioned the correct watering program, this means never allowing your plants to dry out, especially important if they are in pots or a grow bag and also try not to shock them with cold water. If you can, store buckets of water next to the plants so that the water reaches ambient temperature then when you need to, transfer the water into a watering can with a rose fitted so that the water can be sprinkled on gently. Ideally you will be watering like this 3 times a day.
If that all sounds a bit labour intensive, you could install a drip feed watering system, there are special systems you can purchase for this task or you could make up your own system. One way is to bury plastic water bottles between the plants that have been pierced around the circumference and through the bottoms, the tops are left above the level of the soil so that they can be re-filled. Its a rough and ready but very effective way of ensuring the soil doesn’t dry out, as long as you remember to top the bottles up of course. Also remember that when you do water there has to be enough for a good deep soak, too little and you will encourage your roots to the surface.
Third is the proper support of the plant, they need to be off the ground and up in the air. Leaving shoots running across the ground will leave them open to fungal attack and disease. A lot of people take care to prune their plants, removing any growth below the flowering fronds. Make sure that you use either a suitable and strong enough stake or you can use tomato cage whichever is your preference and do it while the plants are still young so that the roots are not disturbed at a later time.
This is the best way to grow tomatoes that I know, obviously there are some common sense actions you need to take as well to maintain your plants in a healthy condition, such as removing dead or dried out leaves, but essentially pay attention to these 3 key aspects and you will be well on the way to plenty of juicy fresh tomatoes.
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